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<p>Acknowledgements.- Part I: Overview.- Chapter 1. Universities and the Knowledge Society: An Introduction (Timo Aarrevaara, Martin J. Finkelstein, Glen A. Jones and Jisun Jung).- Chapter 2. The Transformation of Universities in Response to the Imperatives of a Knowledge Society (Teresa Carvalho).- Chapter 3. Higher Education in the Era of Knowledge Economy (Olga Bain and William Cummings).- Chapter 4. The Academic Profession in the Knowledge-based Society (APIKS): Evolution of a Major Comparative Research Project (Timo Aarrevaara, Martin J. Finkelstein, Glen A Jones and Jisun Jung).- Part II: Systems of Innovation and Higher Education.- Chapter 5. Higher education and the knowledge society agenda in Uganda (Florence Ndibuuza, Patrício V. Langa and Ronald Bisaso).- Chapter 6. Higher Education and Investment in Knowledge: A Perspective from Talent Policies in Mainland China (Hong Shen and Jinwen Luo).- Chapter 7. Recalibrating After Two Decades of Rapid Expansion: The Pursuit of Excellence amid Declining Enrollment in Taiwan (Sophia Shi-Huei Ho and Robin Jung-Cheng Chen).- Chapter 8. Changing Policies of Research, Development, and Innovation and the Characteristics of Academics in Japan (Akira Arimoto, Tsukasa Daizen and Futao Huang).- Chapter 9. Higher Education in the National Research System in South Korea (Soo Jeung Lee and Hyejoo Jung).- Chapter 10. Recent Science and Technology Policies in Turkey:&nbsp; The Shifting Role and Profile of the National Higher Education System? (Baris Uslu, Alper Calikoglu, Fatma Nevra Seggiec, Sedat Gumus and Yasar Kondakci).- Chapter 11. Research and Higher Education in Russia: Moving Closer Together (Anna Panova and Maria Yudkevich).- Chapter 12. The Role of Universities in the Knowledge-based Society in Lithuania (Liudvika Leišytė, Anna-Lena Rose, Rimantas Želvys and Sude Peksen).- Chapter 13. Academic Profession for Knowledge Society in Estonia (Eve Mägi, Eneli Kindsiko and Maarja Beerkens).- Chapter 14. Higher Education and the Knowledge Economy: Economic Higher Education Policies and the Persistence of the German Research and Development System (Nicolai Götze).- Chapter 15. A Portuguese Tale on Knowledge-based Society: Narrowing Bonds Between Higher Education and the Innovation System (Teresa Carvalho, Sara Diogo and Rui Santiago).- Chapter 16. The Role of Finnish Higher Education in Innovation and Research System (Timo Aarrevaara and Ville Pietiläinen).- Chapter 17. The Interplay of Higher Education, Research and Innovation in Sweden (Stefan Lundborg and Lars Geschwind).- Chapter 18. University, Research, and Innovation in Argentina: A Winding Road to the Knowledge Society (Mónica Marquina and Lucas Luchilo).- Chapter 19. The Development of the Research Capabilities of Chilean Faculty (Daniela Véliz and Sergio Celis).- Chapter 20. Higher Education, Science, Technology and Academics in México: At a Crossroads (Etty Haydeé Estévez-Nenninger, Angel Alberto Valdés-Cuervo, Edgar Oswaldo González-Bello, Juan Pablo Durand-Villalobos, Marion Lloyd, Jorge G. Martínez-Stack and Lizeth Parra-Pérez).- Chapter 21. Canada: The Role of the University Sector in National Research and Development (Olivier Bégin-Caouette, Glen A. Jones, Grace Karram Stephenson and Amy Scott Metcalfe).- Chapter 22. The Emerging Role of American Universities in the 21st Century Knowledge Society (Martin Finkelstein, Olga Bain, Gustavo Gregorutti, William Cummings, W. James Jacob and Eunyoung Kim).- Part III: Conclusion.- Chapter 23. Comparing Systems of Research and Innovation: Shifting Contexts for Higher Education and the Academic Profession (Jisun Jung, Glen A. Jones, Martin J. Finkelstein and Timo Aarrevaara).- Index.</p><p></p>

Timo Aarrevaara is a Professor of Public Management at the University of Lapland, and has professional experience in public administration as well as in research and teaching. Aarrevaara has strong international higher education research links, and is a co-editor of Springer’s The Changing Academy Series and author or co-author of several papers and book chapters.<p></p>

Martin Finkelstein is Professor of Higher Education at Seton Hall University, USA and studies the academic profession in the U.S. and across the globe. He has served as a Visiting Scholar at Claremont University (USA),Hiroshima University (Japan), University of Hong Kong (China) and the Eurasian National University (Kazakhstan). His most recent books include The Faculty Factor (The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016) and Professorial Pathways (The Johns Hopkins University Press, March 2019) with Glen Jones. He serves as co-editor of Springer’s Changing Academy Series.<p></p>

<p>Glen Jones is Professor of Higher Education and Dean, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto. His research focuses on higher education governance, policy and academic work, and he has published more than 100 papers in the field of higher education.&nbsp; His recent books include <i>Governance of Higher Education: Global Perspectives, Theories and Practices</i> (Routledge, 2016, with Ian Austin), <i>Doctoral Education for the Knowledge Society </i>(Springer, 2018, with J.C. Shin and Barbara Kehm), <i>Professorial Pathways </i>(The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2019, with Martin Finkelstein), and <i>International Education as Public Policy in Canada&nbsp;</i>(McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2020), with Merli Tamtik and Roopa Desai Trilokekar).<br></p><p></p><p>Jisun Jung is an assistant professor in the Faculty of Education at the University of Hong Kong since 2015. Her current research focuses on academic profession, doctoral education in East Asia, and master’s education and employment. She is a co-editor of&nbsp;<em>Higher Education Research & Development</em>. Her recent books include&nbsp;<em>Changing Academic Profession in Hong Kong</em> (Springer, 2017, with Gerard Postiglione) and <em>Researching Higher Education in Asia</em> (Springer, 2018, with Hugo Horta and Akiyoshi Yonezawa).&nbsp;<br></p><p> </p><p>&nbsp;</p><p></p>

<p>This book explores the complex, multi-faceted relationships between national research and innovation systems and higher education. The transition towards knowledge societies/economies is repositioning the role of the university and transforming the academic profession. The volume provides a foundational introduction to the concepts of knowledge society and knowledge economy, and these concepts ground the detailed case studies of eighteen systems, located across five continents. Each case study was written by a leading expert in that jurisdiction, and provides a critical analysis of the research and development infrastructure, the role of universities, and the implications for the academic profession. The book describes how nations in various geographic regions and at various stages of economic maturity are restructuring their university systems to adapt to the new imperatives, and provides a cross-case analysis identifying common themes and distinctive features.</p>

<p>In telling the story of higher education’s on-going&nbsp;global metamorphosis, the contributing authors place current developments in the context of the university’s historic evolution, survey the changing metrics that&nbsp;national governments are adopting to measure university performance, and&nbsp;describe a new international project, the Academic Profession in the Knowledge-based Society [APiKS] that involved a common survey of academics in more than twenty countries to take the pulse of developments “on the ground” while documenting the challenges confronting knowledge workers in the new economy.&nbsp;</p><br>

Guides comparative research on the academic profession and university reform in connection to the knowledge economy Builds upon the largest international and comparative study of higher education ever undertaken Provides a critical analysis of the ways in which selected national higher education systems are positioned within complex policy shifts