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Amateur film and amateur media practices have attracted increasing interest in recent decades in the context of the "visual turn". Questions of agency, participatory and political/militant film practices, and of representations of "self" and "other" are of interest as well as the institutions and networks of amateur productions. This special issue of "zeitgeschichte" contributes to this field of research by examining international and transnational developments of amateur films in the period after the Second World War. The collected contributions analyze national specifics and regional shapings of practices as well as cultural constructions in amateur film and video, they trace transnational entanglements of amateur media and tackle cross-border amateur filmmaking and internationally and globally shared discursive references and uses of metaphors in video activism. The authors elaborate parallels to organizational structures in amateur film practices in specific sociopolitical and cultural contexts and discuss aspects of memory and the appropriation of hegemonic visual cultures in individual film practices.